1. 种类
数词有基序数和序数词两类。基数词表示数量的大小,如one, two, three, four等。序数词表示序数,如first, second, third, fourth等。数词与不定代词、冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词等被称作限定词。
2. 基数词
表示数量:
1---12:one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve
13---19: thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
20---90: twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
21---99:21.twenty-one 32.thirty-two 43.forty-three 54.fifty-four 65.sixty-five 76.seventy-six 88.eithty-eight 99.ninety-nine
一百: one hundred
一千: one thousand
一万; ten thousand
十万; one hundred thousand
百万: one million
千万: ten million
亿 : one hundred million
十亿 :one billion
3. 序数词
表示顺序:
第1---第12:1st first ,2nd second ,3rd third ,4th fourth ,5th fifth, 6th sixth ,7th seventh ,8th eighth ,9th ninth ,10th tenth ,11th eleventh ,12th twelfth
第13---第19:13th thirteenth,14th fourteenth,15th fifteenth,16th sixteenth,17th seventeenth,18th eighteenth,19th nineteenth
第20---第90:20th twentieth,30th thirtieth,40th fortieth,50th fiftieth,60th sixtieth,70th seventieth,80th eightieth,90th ninetieth。
第21---第99:21st twenty-first,32ed thirty-second,43rd forty-third,54th fifty-fourth,65th sixty-fifth,76th seventy-sixth,87th eighty-seventh,99th ninety-ninth
第100以上:100th hundredth,1000th thousandth,1,000,000thmillionth
第101---第909:101st hundred and first,202nd two hundred and second,909th ninehundred and ninth
4. 序数词与冠词
(1)序数词前一般要加定冠词the。如:
It’s the third time I’ve been here.这是我第三次到这里来。
(2)表示在原有的基础上增加,即“又一,再一”时,用不定冠词。如:
Shall I ask her a third time? 我还要问她一次吗?
(3)下列4种情况不用冠词。
1. 序数词前已有物主代词或名词所有格时,不能再用冠词。如:
This is Tom’s second visit to China.她是汤姆第二次访问中国。
2. 表示比赛或考试的名词时,通常省略定冠词。如:
He was (the) second in the English exam.在这次英语考试中他得了第二名。
3. 序数词被用作副词时不用冠词。
I have to finish my homework first.我得先把作业完成好。
4. 在某些习语中不用冠词。如at first起初, first of all首先, at first sight乍一看。
5. 数词的语法功能
(1)作主语:The second was better.第二个好些。
(2)作表语:She was second in her class.她在班上是第二名。
(3)作宾语:I was among the first to arrive.我是第一批到的。
(4)作定语:There are fifty states in the US.美国有五十个话别州。
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