感叹句,顾名思义,表达感慨、惊叹,体现人的喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。各位可以先看下面思维导图,温习已知,筛选未知。带着问题读图后解析更有效。
我们构建一个主系表结构的陈述句:He is a clever boy. 他是一个聪明的男孩。
把这句话变为感叹句是What a clever boy he is!和 How clever a boy he is!
为什么会有这种语序上的差别呢?
4大词性间的修饰关系:形容词修饰名词,副词修饰名词以外的词(形容词,副词,动词)
因为what是疑问代词,并且在感叹句中是一个形容词性的代词,意为什么样的,修饰名词或名词词组(形容词/冠词+名词)
1)加可数名词复数:
What interesting booksyou bought! 你买的书真有趣!
2)加不可数名词:What fresh air(it is)! 多么新鲜的空气啊!
3)加可数名词单数:What a clever boy he is! 他是个多么聪明的男孩啊!
注意:可数名词复数和不可数名词前有表多少的形容词时,只用how。这种句子变特殊疑问句时,也只能用how,我们后文会讲到。
How many times it thundered before Franklin took the hint!
在富兰克林领会那个暗示之前老天打过多少次雷!
How many apples fell on Newton's head before he took the hint!
在牛顿领会那个暗示之前有多少个苹果掉在了他头上!
而how是疑问副词,意为多么地,修饰形容词,副词,和句子。
1)加形容词:How clever a boy he is! 他是个多么聪明的男孩啊!
2)加副词:How quickly he runs! 他跑的真快!
3)加句子:How time flies! 时光飞逝!
类比:so是副词,意为如此地,such是形容词,意为这样的。所以两者的使用跟what和how在感叹句中的辨析是完全一样的!放上例句自行体会。
It is so heavy a rain that we can't go out.
It is such a heavy rain that we can't go out.
It is raining so heavily that we can't go out.
They are such little children that they can't do anything.
He earns so little money that he can't support his family.
口诀:名前such,形副so,多多少少也用so,
little属特殊,“小”用such,“少”用so。
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